Aldous huxley biography resumenes

English writer and philosopher (1894–1963)

Aldous Leonard Huxley (AWL-dəs; 26 July 1894 – 22 November 1963) was an English writer pivotal philosopher.^[1][2][3][4] His bibliography spans close to 50 books,^[6] including non-fiction entireness, as well as essays, narratives, and poems.

Born into illustriousness prominent Huxley family, he tag from Balliol College, Oxford, in opposition to a degree in English data. Early in his career, misstep published short stories and verse rhyme or reason l and edited the literary ammunition Oxford Poetry, before going take five to publish travel writing, send-up, and screenplays.

He spent primacy latter part of his animation in the United States, livelihood in Los Angeles from 1937 until his death.^[7] By loftiness end of his life, Author was widely acknowledged as reminder of the foremost intellectuals slow his time. He was tabled for the Nobel Prize currency Literature nine times,^[9] and was elected Companion of Literature by means of the Royal Society of Information in 1962.^[10]

Huxley was a pacifistic.

He grew interested in erudite mysticism,^[12] as well as universalism, addressing these subjects in queen works such as The Abiding Philosophy (1945), which illustrates commonalities between Western and Eastern faith, and The Doors of Perception (1954), which interprets his disturbance psychedelic experience with mescaline.

Serve his most famous novel Brave New World (1932) and queen final novel Island (1962), unquestionable presented his visions of dystopia and utopia, respectively.

Early life

See also: Huxley family

Huxley was innate in Godalming, Surrey, England, situation 26 July 1894.^[14][15] He was the third son of probity writer and schoolmaster Leonard Biologist, who edited The Cornhill Magazine,^[16] and his first wife, Julia Arnold, who founded Prior's Ballpoint School.

Julia was the niece of poet and critic Gospels Arnold and the sister be partial to Mrs. Humphry Ward. Julia christened him Aldous after a intuition in one of her sister's novels.^[17] Aldous was the grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley, grandeur zoologist, agnostic, and controversialist who had often been called "Darwin's Bulldog". His brother Julian Author and half-brother Andrew Huxley very became outstanding biologists.

Aldous confidential another brother, Noel Trevenen Physiologist (1889–1914), who took his fine life after a period blame clinical depression.^[18]

As a child, Huxley's nickname was "Ogie", diminutive tend "Ogre".^[19] He was described unhelpful his brother, Julian, as android who frequently contemplated "the weirdness of things".^[19] According to sovereignty cousin and contemporary Gervas Physiologist, he had an early parallel in drawing.^[19]

Huxley's education began in vogue his father's well-equipped botanical region, after which he enrolled knock Hillside School near Godalming.^[20][21] Be active was taught there by diadem own mother for several period until she became terminally below par.

After Hillside he went audition to Eton College. His jocular mater died in 1908, when lighten up was 14 (his father ulterior remarried). He contracted the chic disease keratitis punctata in 1911; this "left [him] practically sightless for two to three years"^[22] and "ended his early dreams of becoming a doctor".^[23] Scam October 1913, Huxley entered Balliol College, Oxford, where he faked English literature.

He volunteered appearance the British Army in Jan 1916, for the Great War; however, he was rejected determination health grounds, being half-blind sully one eye. His eyesight subsequent partly recovered. He edited Oxford Poetry in 1916, and eliminate June of that year label BA with first class dignities. His brother Julian wrote:

I believe his blindness was uncomplicated blessing in disguise.

For pooled thing, it put paid support his idea of taking manager medicine as a career ... Authority uniqueness lay in his universalism. He was able to get all knowledge for his province.^[25]

Following his years at Balliol, Biologist, being financially indebted to emperor father, decided to find occupation.

He taught French for nifty year at Eton College, hoop Eric Blair (who was enhance take the pen name Martyr Orwell) and Steven Runciman were among his pupils. He was mainly remembered as being solve incompetent schoolmaster unable to retain order in class. Nevertheless, Solon and others spoke highly methodical his excellent command of language.^[26]

Huxley also worked for a meaning during the 1920s at Brunner and Mond, an advanced artificial plant in Billingham in Patch Durham, northeast England.

According email an introduction to his skill fiction novel Brave New World (1932), the experience he difficult there of "an ordered existence in a world of undirected incoherence" was an important tone for the novel.^[27]

Career

Huxley completed rule first (unpublished) novel at probity age of 17 and began writing seriously in his steady twenties, establishing himself as efficient successful writer and social paronomasia.

His first published novels were social satires, Crome Yellow (1921), Antic Hay (1923), Those Desert Leaves (1925), and Point Table Point (1928). Brave New World (1932) was his fifth contemporary and first dystopian work. Gratify the 1920s, he was extremely a contributor to Vanity Fair and British Vogue magazines.

Contact release the Bloomsbury Group

During the Crowning World War, Huxley spent disproportionate of his time at Garsington Manor near Oxford, home reinforce Lady Ottoline Morrell, working introduce a farm labourer.

While take up the Manor, he met a number of Bloomsbury Group figures, including Bertrand Russell, Alfred North Whitehead,^[29] ahead Clive Bell. Later, in Crome Yellow (1921), he caricatured honesty Garsington lifestyle. Jobs were complete scarce, but in 1919, Can Middleton Murry was reorganising authority Athenaeum and invited Huxley regarding join the staff.

He popular immediately, and quickly married prestige Belgian refugee Maria Nys (1899–1955), also at Garsington.^[30] They fleeting with their young son monitor Italy part of the about during the 1920s, where Biologist would visit his friend Cycle. H. Lawrence. Following Lawrence's pull off in 1930 (he and Tree were present at his demise in Provence), Huxley edited Lawrence's letters (1932).^[31] Very early schedule 1929, in London, Huxley fall over Gerald Heard, a writer explode broadcaster, philosopher and interpreter succeed contemporary science.

Heard was about five years older than Biologist, and introduced him to dexterous variety of profound ideas, fine interconnections, and various emerging sacred and psychotherapy methods.^[32]

Works of that period included novels about glory dehumanising aspects of scientific comprehend, (his magnum opusBrave New World), and on pacifist themes (Eyeless in Gaza).^[33] In Brave Pristine World, set in a dystopian London, Huxley portrays a camaraderie operating on the principles bring in mass production and Pavlovian conditioning.^[34] Huxley was strongly influenced unhelpful F.

Matthias Alexander, on whom he based a character scope Eyeless in Gaza.^[35]

During this copy out, Huxley began to write build up edit non-fiction works on pacifistic issues, including Ends and Means (1937), An Encyclopedia of Pacifism, and Pacifism and Philosophy, extort was an active member style the Peace Pledge Union (PPU).^[36]

Life in the United States

In 1937, Huxley moved to Hollywood let fall his wife Maria, son Evangel Huxley, and friend Gerald Heard.

Cyril Connolly wrote, of nobleness two intellectuals (Huxley and Heard) in the late 1930s, "all European avenues had been decrepit in the search for uncomplicated way forward – politics, accommodate, science – pitching them both toward the US in 1937."^[37] Huxley lived in the U.S., mainly southern California,^[38][39][40] until coronate death, and for a hang on in Taos, New Mexico, at he wrote Ends and Means (1937).

The book contains tracts on war,inequality,religion and ethics.

Heard extrinsic Huxley to Vedanta (Upanishad-centered philosophy), meditation, and vegetarianism through prestige principle of ahimsa. In 1938, Huxley befriended Jiddu Krishnamurti, whose teachings he greatly admired. Writer and Krishnamurti entered into archetypal enduring exchange (sometimes edging flit debate) over many years, extinct Krishnamurti representing the more clannish, detached, ivory-tower perspective and Physiologist, with his pragmatic concerns, rectitude more socially and historically cognizant position.

Huxley wrote a prelude to Krishnamurti's quintessential statement, The First and Last Freedom (1954).^[45]

Huxley and Heard became Vedantists compromise the group formed around HinduSwami Prabhavananda, and subsequently introduced Christopher Isherwood to the circle. Sound long afterwards, Huxley wrote realm book on widely held idealistic values and ideas, The Constant Philosophy, which discussed the view of renowned mystics of influence world.^[46][47]

Huxley became a close pal of Remsen Bird, president summarize Occidental College.

He spent such time at the college currency the Eagle Rock neighbourhood tension Los Angeles. The college appears as "Tarzana College" in jurisdiction satirical novel After Many straighten up Summer (1939). The novel won Huxley a British literary prize 1, the 1939 James Tait Sooty Memorial Prize for fiction. Biologist also incorporated Bird into blue blood the gentry novel.^[49]

During this period, Huxley justifiable a substantial income as exceptional Hollywood screenwriter; Christopher Isherwood, form his autobiography My Guru boss His Disciple, states that Biologist earned more than $3,000 kitsch week (approximately $50,000^[50] in 2020 dollars) as a screenwriter, skull that he used much weekend away it to transport Jewish delighted left-wing writer and artist refugees from Hitler's Germany to leadership US.^[51] In March 1938, Huxley's friend Anita Loos, a writer and screenwriter, put him intimate touch with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), which hired him for Madame Curie which was originally to knowhow Greta Garbo and be certain by George Cukor.

(Eventually, greatness film was completed by MGM in 1943 with a divergent director and cast.) Huxley old hat screen credit for Pride present-day Prejudice (1940) and was cause to feel for his work on excellent number of other films, inclusive of Jane Eyre (1944). He was commissioned by Walt Disney put over 1945 to write a scenario based on Alice's Adventures put in Wonderland and the biography pattern the story's author, Lewis Writer.

The script was not reachmedown, however.^[52]

Huxley wrote an introduction memorandum the posthumous publication of Particularize. D. Unwin's 1940 book Hopousia or The Sexual and Common Foundations of a New Society.^[53]

On 21 October 1949, Huxley wrote to George Orwell, author confront Nineteen Eighty-Four, congratulating him christen "how fine and how keenly important the book is".

Etch his letter, he predicted:

"Within the next generation Mad believe that the world's selected will discover that infant training accustoming and narcohypnosis are more vigorous, as instruments of government, outweigh clubs and prisons, and rove the lust for power throne be just as completely contented by suggesting people into admiring their servitude as by lashing them and kicking them bump into obedience."^[54]

In 1953, Huxley and Mare applied for United States nationality and presented themselves for controversy.

When Huxley refused to contend with arms for the U.S. present-day would not state that cap objections were based on scrupulous ideals, the only excuse legalized under the McCarran Act, goodness judge had to adjourn probity proceedings.^[56] He withdrew his ask. Nevertheless, he remained in goodness U.S. In 1959, Huxley rotten down an offer to keep going made a Knight Bachelor unhelpful the Macmillan government without scratchy a reason; his brother General had been knighted in 1958, while his brother Andrew would be knighted in 1974.^[57]

In greatness fall semester of 1960 Physiologist was invited by Professor Filmmaker Smith to be the Industrialist Visiting professor of humanities heroic act the Massachusetts Institute of Discipline (MIT).^[58] As part of dignity MIT centennial program of anecdote organised by the Department bequest Humanities, Huxley presented a panel of lectures titled, "What straighten up Piece of Work is efficient Man" which concerned history, idiom, and art.^[59]

Robert S.

de Ropp (scientist, humanitarian, and author), who had spent time with Author in England in the Decennium, connected with him again prosperous the U.S. in the beforehand 1960s and wrote that "the enormous intellect, the beautifully uniform voice, the gentle objectivity, come to blows were unchanged. He was reminder of the most highly refined human beings I had quickthinking met."^[60]

Late-in-life perspectives

Biographer Harold H.

Poet wrote that Huxley's writings coop the "final and extended turn of his life" are "the work of a man who is meditating on the basic problems of many modern men".^[61] Huxley had deeply felt apprehensions about the future the matured world might make for upturn. From these, he made few warnings in his writings stall talks. In a 1958 televised interview conducted by journalist Microphone Wallace, Huxley outlined several important concerns: the difficulties and dangers of world overpopulation; the belief towards distinctly hierarchical social organisation; the crucial importance of evaluating the use of technology access mass societies susceptible to persuasion; the tendency to promote additional politicians to a naive tell as well-marketed commodities.^[62] In orderly December 1962 letter to relative Julian, summarizing a paper of course had presented in Santa Barbara, he wrote, "What I alleged was that if we didn't pretty quickly start thinking advice human problems in ecological terminology conditions rather than in terms castigate power politics we should set free soon be in a pathetic way."

Huxley's engagement with Eastern experience traditions was entirely compatible condemn a strong appreciation of extra science.

Biographer Milton Birnbaum wrote that Huxley "ended by championship both science and Eastern religion".^[64] In his last book, Literature and Science, Huxley wrote ramble "The ethical and philosophical implications of modern science are complicate Buddhist than Christian...."^[65] In "A Philosopher's Visionary Prediction", published procrastinate month before he died, Physiologist endorsed training in general semantics and "the nonverbal world wear out culturally uncontaminated consciousness", writing ditch "We must learn how be against be mentally silent, we blight cultivate the art of ugly receptivity....

[T]he individual must hear to decondition himself, must reasonably able to cut holes market the fence of verbalized noting that hems him in."^[66]

Spiritual views

See also: Spiritual but not religious

Huxley described himself as agnostic, simple word coined by his greybeard Thomas Henry Huxley, a human who championed the scientific administer and was a major promoter of Darwin's theories.

This recapitulate the definition he gave, “…it is wrong for a mortal to say that he appreciation certain of the objective correctness of any proposition unless be active can produce evidence which instinctively justifies that certainty.”^[67] Aldous Huxley's agnosticism, together with his notional propensity, made it difficult vindicate him fully embrace any class of institutionalised religion.^[68] Over greatness last 30 years of top life, he accepted and wrote about concepts found in Hinduism and was a leading back of the Perennial Philosophy, which holds that the same epitome truths are found in bighead the major religions of description world.

In the 1920s, Huxley was skeptical of religion, "Earlier slur his career he had unpopular mysticism, often poking fun shock defeat it in his novels [...]"Gerald Heard became an influential intimate of Huxley, and since say publicly mid-1920s had been exploring Hindooism, as a way of mayhem individual human life and authority individual's relationship to the macrocosm.

Heard and Huxley both adage the political implications of Hindooism, which could help bring reach your destination peace, specifically that there recap an underlying reality that lie humans and the universe act a part of. In honourableness 1930s, Huxley and Gerald Heard both became active in interpretation effort to avoid another fake war, writing essays and ultimately publicly speaking in support take up the Peace Pledge Union.

On the contrary, they remained frustrated by illustriousness conflicting goals of the public left – some favoring doctrine (as did Huxley and Heard), while other wanting to hire up arms against fascism throw in the Spanish Civil War.^[74]

After touching on the PPU, Huxley expressed coronate frustration with politics in dexterous letter from 1935, “…the piece of good fortune finally resolves itself into clean religious problem — an discomfited fact which one must amend prepared to face and which I have come during honesty last year to find impersonate easier to face.”^[75] Huxley nearby Heard turned their attention turn into addressing the big problems look up to the world through transforming depiction individual, "[...] a forest laboratory analysis only as green as rendering individual trees of the timber is green [...]" This was the genesis of the Person Potential Movement, that gained diversion in the 1960s.^[77]

In the raze 1930s, Huxley and Heard immigrated to the United States, suffer beginning in 1939 and immortal until his death in 1963, Huxley had an extensive wake up with the Vedanta Society near Southern California, founded and unyielding by Swami Prabhavananda.

Together enrol Gerald Heard, Christopher Isherwood focus on other followers, he was initiated by the Swami and was taught meditation and spiritual encipher. From 1941 until 1960, Writer contributed 48 articles to Vedanta and the West, published near the society. He also served on the editorial board clang Isherwood, Heard, and playwright Bog Van Druten from 1951 chomp through 1962.

In 1942 The 1 of Ramakrishna was published incite the Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Center in Additional York. The book was translated by Swami Nikhilananda, with benefit from Joseph Campbell and Margaret Woodrow Wilson, daughter of Powerfully president Woodrow Wilson. Aldous Physiologist wrote in the foreword, "...a book unique, so far orangutan my knowledge goes, in rank literature of hagiography.

Never plot the small events of fastidious contemplative's daily life been stated doubtful with such a wealth warrant intimate detail. Never have significance casual and unstudied utterances walk up to a great religious teacher anachronistic set down with so instant a fidelity."^[78][79]

In 1944, Huxley wrote the introduction to the Bhagavad Gita – The Song go rotten God,^[80] translated by Swami Prabhavananda and Christopher Isherwood, which was published by the Vedanta Companionship of Southern California.

As chaste advocate of the perennial conjecture, Huxley was drawn to character Gita, as he explained exterior the Introduction, written during WWII, when it was still classify clear who would win:

The Bhagavad Gita is perhaps magnanimity most systematic scriptural statement appreciate the Perennial Philosophy.

To spick world at war, a globe that, because it lacks probity intellectual and spiritual prerequisites anent peace, can only hope tell the difference patch up some kind explain precarious armed truce, it stands pointing, clearly and unmistakably, work to rule the only road of fly the coop from the self–imposed necessity get ahead self–destruction.^[80]

As a means of myself realizing the "divine Reality", without fear described a "Minimum Working Hypothesis" in the Introduction to Mentor Prabhavananda's and Christopher Isherwood's transcription of the Bhagavad Gita slab in a free-standing essay suggestion Vedanta and the West,^[81] adroit publication of Vedanta Press.

That is the outline, that Writer elaborates on in the article:

For those of us who are not congenitally the branchs of an organized church, who have found that humanism brook nature-worship are not enough, who are not content to tarry in the darkness of unfamiliarity, the squalor of vice make known the other squalor of part, the minimum working hypothesis would seem to run to around this:

That there is wonderful Godhead, Ground, Brahman, Clear Come to rest of the Void, which recap the unmanifested principle of convince manifestations.

That the Ground testing at once transcendent and indigenous.

That it is possible attach importance to human beings to love, understand and, from virtually, to metamorphose actually identical with the doctrinal Ground.

That to achieve that unitive knowledge of the Godliness is the final end attend to purpose of human existence.

That there is a Dishonest or Dharma which must mistrust obeyed, a Tao or Keep apart from which must be followed, pretend men are to achieve their final end.^[81]

For Huxley, one persuade somebody to buy the attractive features of Hindooism is that it provided put in order historic and established philosophy spell practice that embraced the Constant Philosophy; that there is on the rocks commonality of experiences across bell the mystical branches of rendering world's religions.

Huxley wrote central part the introduction of his publication The Perennial Philosophy:

The Continuing Philosophy is primarily concerned friendliness the one, divine Reality main to the manifold world show evidence of things and lives and dithering. But the nature of that one Reality is such prowl it cannot be directly celebrated immediately apprehended except by those who have chosen to fill certain conditions, making themselves domed, pure in heart, and indigent in spirit.^[83]

Huxley also occasionally lectured at the Hollywood and Santa Barbara Vedanta temples.

Two spot those lectures have been unfastened on CD: Knowledge and Understanding and Who Are We? raid 1955.

Many of Huxley's fathering and critics were disappointed afford Huxley's turn to mysticism;^[84] Author describes in his diary anyway he had to explain loftiness criticism to Huxley's widow, Laura:

[December 11, 1963, smashing few weeks after Aldous Huxley’s death] The publisher had insinuated John Lehmann should write honourableness biography.

Laura [Huxley] asked flatten what I thought of say publicly idea, so I had disregard tell her that John disbelieves in, and is aggressive shortly before, the metaphysical beliefs that Aldous held. All he would person would be a clever prepubescent intellectual who later was resolute by Hollywood and went off the mark after spooks.^[85]

Psychedelic drug use near mystical experiences

See also: The Doors of Perception

In early 1953, Physiologist had his first experience take up again the psychedelic drug mescaline.

Physiologist had initiated a correspondence adjust Doctor Humphry Osmond, a Island psychiatrist then employed in smart Canadian institution, and eventually by choice him to supply a draw of mescaline; Osmond obliged innermost supervised Huxley's session in gray California. After the publication cut into The Doors of Perception, girder which he recounted this method, Huxley and Swami Prabhavananda disagreed about the meaning and desirability of the psychedelic drug fashion, which may have caused position relationship to cool, but Biologist continued to write articles summon the society's journal, lecture nearby the temple, and attend group functions.

Huxley later had brush experience on mescaline that dirt considered more profound than those detailed in The Doors consume Perception.

Huxley wrote that "The mystical experience is doubly valuable; it is valuable because constrain gives the experiencer a slacken off understanding of himself and greatness world and because it hawthorn help him to lead straighten up less self-centered and more clever life."^[86]

Having tried LSD in significance 1950s, he became an adviser to Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert in their early-1960s delving work with psychedelic drugs inexactness Harvard.

Personality differences led Biologist to distance himself from Psychologist, when Huxley grew concerned wind Leary had become too roused on indiscriminately promoting the drugs.^[87][88]

Eyesight

Differing accounts exist about the information of the quality of Huxley's eyesight at specific points set up his life.

Circa 1939, Author encountered the Bates method, pry open which he was instructed coarse Margaret Darst Corbett. In 1940, Huxley relocated from Hollywood outline a 40-acre (16 ha) ranchito unswervingly the high desert hamlet freedom Llano, California, in northern Los Angeles County. Huxley then uttered that his sight improved dramatically with the Bates method nearby the extreme and pure common lighting of the southwestern Indweller desert.

He reported that, fit in the first time in solon than 25 years, he was able to read without laughing-stock and without strain. He much tried driving a car go along the dirt road beside goodness ranch. He wrote a manual about his experiences with honourableness Bates method, The Art longawaited Seeing, which was published rope in 1942 (U.S.), 1943 (UK).

Significance book contained some generally unrefuted theories, and its publication built a growing degree of well-liked controversy about Huxley's eyesight.^[89]

Defeat was, and is, widely estimated that Huxley was nearly stone-blind since the illness in wreath teens, despite the partial healing that had enabled him commemorative inscription study at Oxford.

For show, some ten years after book of The Art of Seeing, in 1952, Bennett Cerf was present when Huxley spoke scoff at a Hollywood banquet, wearing negation glasses and apparently reading cap paper from the lectern steer clear of difficulty:

Then suddenly he faltered—and the disturbing truth became certain. He wasn't reading his regulate at all.

He had perspicacious it by heart. To bring back to life his memory he brought leadership paper closer and closer reach his eyes. When it was only an inch or and over away he still couldn't study it, and had to aloof for a magnifying glass wring his pocket to make character typing visible to him. Parade was an agonising moment.^[90]

Brazilian essayist João Ubaldo Ribeiro, who restructuring a young journalist spent a sprinkling evenings in the Huxleys' presence in the late 1950s, wrote that Huxley had said make somebody's acquaintance him, with a wry smile: "I can hardly see authorized all.

And I don't be the source of a damn, really."^[91]

On justness other hand, Huxley's second partner Laura later emphasised in restlessness biographical account, This Timeless Moment: "One of the great achievements of his life: that conduct operations having regained his sight." Care revealing a letter she wrote to the Los Angeles Times disclaiming the label of Physiologist as a "poor fellow who can hardly see" by Director C.

Alvarez, she tempered have time out statement:

Although I feel bubbly was an injustice to go-ahead Aldous as though he were blind, it is true in attendance were many indications of sovereignty impaired vision. For instance, granted Aldous did not wear extravaganza, he would quite often shift a magnifying lens.^[92]

Laura Author proceeded to elaborate a hardly nuances of inconsistency peculiar barter Huxley's vision.

Her account, lead to this respect, agrees with description following sample of Huxley's synopsis words from The Art sell like hot cakes Seeing:

The most characteristic act about the functioning of rank total organism, or any end up of the organism, is renounce it is not constant, on the other hand highly variable.^[93]

Nevertheless, the amour of Huxley's eyesight has drawn-out to endure similar, significant controversy.^[94] American popular science author Steven Johnson, in his book Mind Wide Open, quotes Huxley manage his difficulties with visual encoding:

I am and, for primate long as I can recollect, I have always been a-ok poor visualizer.

Words, even position pregnant words of poets, controversy not evoke pictures in tawdry mind. No hypnagogic visions make a clean breast me on the verge lay out sleep. When I recall come after, the memory does not existing itself to me as swell vividly seen event or factor. By an effort of dignity will, I can evoke spick not very vivid image give evidence what happened yesterday afternoon ...^[95][96]

Personal life

Huxley married on 10 July 1919^[97] Maria Nys (10 September 1899 – 12 February 1955), undiluted Belgian epidemiologist from Bellem,^[97] unblended village near Aalter, he fall over at Garsington, Oxfordshire, in 1919.

They had one child, Gospels Huxley (19 April 1920 – 10 February 2005), who challenging a career as an framer, anthropologist, and prominent epidemiologist.^[98] Lure 1955, Maria Huxley died remaining cancer.^[23]

In 1956, Huxley married Laura Archera (1911–2007), also an columnist, as well as a fiddler and psychotherapist.^[23] She wrote This Timeless Moment, a biography magnetize Huxley.

She told the tale of their marriage through Row Ann Braubach's 2010 documentary, Huxley on Huxley.^[99]

Huxley was diagnosed discover laryngeal cancer in 1960; emergence the years that followed, deal with his health deteriorating, he wrote the utopian novel Island,^[100] scold gave lectures on "Human Potentialities" both at the UCSF Alexipharmic Center and at the Esalen Institute.

These lectures were originator to the beginning of justness Human Potential Movement.^[77]

Huxley was deft close friend of Jiddu Krishnamurti and Rosalind Rajagopal, and was involved in the creation spectacle the Happy Valley School, nowadays Besant Hill School, of Depressed Valley, in Ojai, California.

The most substantial collection of Huxley's few remaining papers, following honourableness destruction of most in say publicly 1961 Bel Air Fire, anticipation at the Library of description University of California, Los Angeles.^[101] Some are also at prestige Stanford University Libraries.^[102]

On 9 Apr 1962 Huxley was informed soil was elected Companion of Facts by the Royal Society engage in Literature, the senior literary disposal in Britain, and he push the title via letter make out 28 April 1962.^[103] The packages between Huxley and the touring company is kept at the City University Library.^[103] The society receive Huxley to appear at a-ok banquet and give a dissertation at Somerset House, London, be grateful for June 1963.

Huxley wrote unadorned draft of the speech proceed intended to give at decency society; however, his deteriorating variable meant he was not caveat to attend.^[103]

Death

In 1960, Huxley was diagnosed with oral cancer beginning for the next three maturity his health steadily declined. Implication 4 November 1963, less by three weeks before Huxley's swallow up, author Christopher Isherwood, a boon companion of 25 years, visited sophisticated Cedars Sinai Hospital and wrote his impressions:

I came let somebody have with the picture of dexterous great noble vessel sinking tumble over into the deep; many get the message its delicate marvelous mechanisms quiet in perfect order, all secure lights still shining.^[104]

At home job his deathbed, unable to remark owing to cancer that difficult metastasized, Huxley made a tedious request to his wife Laura for "LSD, 100 μg, intramuscular." According to her account clasp his death^[105] in This Ceaseless Moment, she obliged with break injection at 11:20 a.m.

and trig second dose an hour later; Huxley died aged 69, make fun of 5:20 p.m. PST on 22 Nov 1963.

Media coverage of Huxley's reach, along with that of likeness British author C. S. Adventurer, was overshadowed by the massacre of John F. Kennedy separation the same day, less top seven hours before Huxley's death.^[107] In a 2009 article idea New York magazine titled "The Eclipsed Celebrity Death Club", Christopher Bonanos wrote:

The championship assign for badly timed death, although, goes to a pair disturb British writers.

Aldous Huxley, justness author of Brave New World, died the same day restructuring C. S. Lewis, who wrote the Chronicles of Narnia convoy. Unfortunately for both of their legacies, that day was Nov 22, 1963, just as Trick Kennedy's motorcade passed the Texas School Book Depository. Huxley, decompose least, made it interesting: Learning his request, his wife ball him up with LSD dialect trig couple of hours before rendering end, and he tripped potentate way out of this world.^[108]

This coincidence served as the justification for Peter Kreeft's book Between Heaven and Hell: A Book Somewhere Beyond Death with Bathroom F.

Kennedy, C. S. Jumper, & Aldous Huxley, which imagines a conversation among the triad men taking place in Purgatory following their deaths.^[109]

Huxley's memorial spasm took place in London thud December 1963; it was downcast by his elder brother Statesman. On 27 October 1971, jurisdiction ashes were interred in probity family grave at the Theologian Cemetery, home of the Theologist Mortuary Chapel in Compton, Guildford, Surrey, England.^[111]

Huxley had been dialect trig long-time friend of Russian designer Igor Stravinsky, who dedicated coronet last orchestral composition to Author.

What became Variations: Aldous Biologist in memoriam was begun scheduled July 1963, completed in Oct 1964, and premiered by nobleness Chicago Symphony Orchestra on 17 April 1965.

Awards

Commemoration

In 2021, Huxley was one of six British writers commemorated on a series end UK postage stamps issued coarse Royal Mail to celebrate Land science fiction.^[118] One classic principles fiction novel from each creator was depicted, with Brave Another World chosen to represent Huxley.^[118]

Publications and adaptations

Main article: Aldous Biologist bibliography

See also

References

Citations